In which of the following pairs, the hybridisation of central atoms is same, but shape is not the same?
XeF2, ICl3
— To determine the hybridization and shape, we first calculate the steric number (SN) for the central atom, which is the…To determine the hybridization and shape, we first calculate the steric number (SN) for the central atom, which is the sum of the number of sigma bonds and lone pairs.
Option A: SO3, CO32-
- SO3: Central atom S. SN = 3 sigma bonds + 0 lone pairs = 3. Hybridization = sp2. Shape = Trigonal planar.
- CO32-: Central atom C. SN = 3 sigma bonds + 0 lone pairs = 3. Hybridization = sp2. Shape = Trigonal planar.
Hybridization is same (sp2), and shape is same (Trigonal planar). So, A is incorrect.
Option B: SO32-, NH3
- SO32-: Central atom S. SN = 3 sigma bonds + 1 lone pair = 4. Hybridization = sp3. Shape = Trigonal pyramidal.
- NH3: Central atom N. SN = 3 sigma bonds + 1 lone pair = 4. Hybridization = sp3. Shape = Trigonal pyramidal.
Hybridization is same (sp3), and shape is same (Trigonal pyramidal). So, B is incorrect.
Option C: PCl5, POCl3
- PCl5: Central atom P. SN = 5 sigma bonds + 0 lone pairs = 5. Hybridization = sp3d. Shape = Trigonal bipyramidal.
- POCl3: Central atom P. SN = 4 sigma bonds + 0 lone pairs = 4. Hybridization = sp3. Shape = Tetrahedral.
Hybridization is not the same. So, C is incorrect.
Option D: XeF2, ICl3
- XeF2: Central atom Xe. Xe is in Group 18, so 8 valence electrons. Two F atoms form 2 sigma bonds. Remaining electrons = 8 - 2 = 6, which form 3 lone pairs. SN = 2 sigma bonds + 3 lone pairs = 5. Hybridization = sp3d. Shape = Linear (due to lone pair repulsion).
- ICl3: Central atom I. I is in Group 17, so 7 valence electrons. Three Cl atoms form 3 sigma bonds. Remaining electrons = 7 - 3 = 4, which form 2 lone pairs. SN = 3 sigma bonds + 2 lone pairs = 5. Hybridization = sp3d. Shape = T-shaped (due to lone pair repulsion).
Hybridization is same (sp3d), but shape is not the same (Linear vs T-shaped). So, D is correct.
Correct Answer: (D)
XeF2, ICl3