Concept: This question tests your understanding of the divisions of the peripheral nervous system and their specific functions, particularly in stress responses.

Why (A) is correct: The sympathetic nervous system is a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for preparing the body for stressful or emergency situations, often termed the "fight or flight" response. It increases heart rate, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion, and mobilizes energy reserves.

Why other options are wrong:

• (B) Parasympathetic nervous system: This system is responsible for "rest and digest" functions, conserving energy and maintaining homeostasis.
• (C) Somatic nervous system: This system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles and transmits sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system.
• (D) Autonomic nervous system: This is a broader category that includes both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. While it's involved, the sympathetic division is the specific part responsible for "fight or flight."

NEET Tip / Mnemonic: Remember Sympathetic for Stress (fight or flight) and Parasympathetic for Peace (rest and digest).

Correct Answer: (A)