Concept: Molecular geometry and dipole moment are determined by the central atom's hybridization and the presence of lone pairs and polar bonds.

Why (A) is correct:

1. Hybridization and Geometry of H₂S: In H₂S, sulfur (S) is the central atom. Sulfur has 6 valence electrons. Two hydrogen atoms form single bonds with sulfur, leaving 4 non-bonding electrons, which form two lone pairs. Thus, the sulfur atom has two bond pairs and two lone pairs. According to VSEPR theory, this corresponds to sp³ hybridization and an angular (bent) geometry, similar to water (H₂O).

2. Dipole Moment of H₂S: The S-H bond is polar because sulfur is more electronegative than hydrogen. The bond dipoles point from hydrogen towards sulfur. Due to the angular geometry, these bond dipoles do not cancel each other out. The two lone pairs on sulfur also contribute to the overall dipole moment. Therefore, H₂S has a net non-zero dipole moment.

Option Analysis:

• A) angular and non-zero: This is correct, as explained above.
• B) angular and zero: The geometry is angular, but the dipole moment is non-zero due to the polarity of S-H bonds and the angular structure.
• C) linear and non-zero: H₂S is not linear; it has an angular geometry.
• D) linear and zero: H₂S is neither linear nor does it have a zero dipole moment.

Correct Answer: (A)