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ChemistryNEETClass 11Medium

The correct order of bond angles (smallest first) in, , and is:

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Quick Answer
Option A

To determine the correct order of bond angles, we need to analyze the geometry and hybridization of each molecule.
Step-by-step solution
1

To determine the correct order of bond angles, we need to analyze the geometry and hybridization of each molecule.

1. Analyze each molecule:
  • (Hydrogen Sulfide): The central atom is Sulfur (S). Sulfur has 6 valence electrons. Two are used to form bonds with two Hydrogen atoms, leaving two lone pairs. The steric number is 4 (2 bond pairs + 2 lone pairs), indicating hybridization. The geometry is bent or V-shaped. Due to the presence of two lone pairs and the larger size of S compared to O (in H2O), the bond angle is less than the ideal tetrahedral angle (109.5°). The bond angle in is approximately 92.1°.
  • (Ammonia): The central atom is Nitrogen (N). Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. Three are used to form bonds with three Hydrogen atoms, leaving one lone pair. The steric number is 4 (3 bond pairs + 1 lone pair), indicating hybridization. The geometry is trigonal pyramidal. The lone pair-bond pair repulsion is greater than bond pair-bond pair repulsion, which compresses the bond angle from the ideal tetrahedral angle (109.5°). The bond angle in is approximately 107°.
  • (Silane): The central atom is Silicon (Si). Silicon has 4 valence electrons. All four are used to form bonds with four Hydrogen atoms. There are no lone pairs. The steric number is 4 (4 bond pairs + 0 lone pairs), indicating hybridization. The geometry is tetrahedral. With no lone pairs, the bond angle is the ideal tetrahedral angle, 109.5°.
  • (Boron Trifluoride): The central atom is Boron (B). Boron has 3 valence electrons. All three are used to form bonds with three Fluorine atoms. There are no lone pairs. The steric number is 3 (3 bond pairs + 0 lone pairs), indicating hybridization. The geometry is trigonal planar. With no lone pairs, the bond angle is the ideal trigonal planar angle, 120°.
2. Compare the bond angles:
3. Arrange in increasing order:

Option Analysis:
  • A) : This order matches our calculated bond angles.
  • B) : Incorrect, as has a smaller bond angle than .
  • C) : Incorrect, as has a smaller bond angle than .
  • D) : Incorrect, as has a smaller bond angle than .

Correct Answer: (A)

AnswerA·

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