Some of the properties of the species and are described below which one of them is correct?
Source: https://www.lazynewton.com/questions/chemistry/chemical-bonding-and-molecular-structure/properties-species-3-and-3-correct-833148
Quick Answer
Option A
Dissimilar in hybridisation for central atom with different structures.
— To determine the correct option, we need to analyze the hybridization of the central atom and the structure of both…Step-by-step solution
1AnswerA·
To determine the correct option, we need to analyze the hybridization of the central atom and the structure of both species, and .
Step 1: Analyze (Nitrate ion)
- The central atom is Nitrogen (N).
- Valence electrons of N = 5.
- Valence electrons of O = 6.
- Total valence electrons = (for the negative charge) = .
- The Lewis structure shows N forming one double bond and two single bonds with oxygen atoms, with resonance structures.
- The central N atom has three bond pairs and zero lone pairs.
- Steric number = 3 (3 bond pairs + 0 lone pairs).
- Hybridization = .
- Structure = Trigonal planar.
Step 2: Analyze (Hydronium ion)
- The central atom is Oxygen (O).
- Valence electrons of O = 6.
- Valence electrons of H = 1.
- Total valence electrons = (for the positive charge) = .
- The central O atom forms three single bonds with hydrogen atoms and has one lone pair.
- Steric number = 4 (3 bond pairs + 1 lone pair).
- Hybridization = .
- Structure = Trigonal pyramidal.
Step 3: Compare the properties
- Hybridization of central atom in is .
- Hybridization of central atom in is .
- The hybridizations are dissimilar.
- Structure of is trigonal planar.
- Structure of is trigonal pyramidal.
- The structures are different.
Option Analysis:
- A) Dissimilar in hybridisation for central atom with different structures. This matches our findings: vs hybridization and trigonal planar vs trigonal pyramidal structures.
- B) Isostructural with same hybridisation for the central atom. Incorrect, as both hybridization and structures are different.
- C) Isostructural with different hybridisation for the central atom. Incorrect, as structures are different.
- D) Similar in hybridisation for the central atom with different structures. Incorrect, as hybridizations are different.
Correct Answer: (A)
Dissimilar in hybridisation for central atom with different structures.